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br Introduction Breast cancer is the most
2020-10-27
Introduction Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα, “wild-type” estrogen receptor), encoded by the estrogen receptor1 (ESR1) gene, is expressed in approximately 70% of all breast cancers. Hormonal therapy ha
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br Acknowledgements Professor Olli A
2020-10-27
Acknowledgements Professor Olli A. Jänne is warmly thanked for support and for providing excellent research facilities. Professor Patrik Finne is acknowledged for his help with statistical analyses. Drs Ronald Evans, Vincent Giguère, Jorma Palvimo, Malcolm Parker, and Anastasia Kralli are acknowl
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Although MMP might be a downstream
2020-10-27
Although MMP-9 might be a downstream target of Src kinase signaling (Liu and Sharp, 2011), a direct connection has not been established. We showed for the first time that, in the collagenase-induced ICH model, Src kinase signaling regulates MMP-9 activity and mediates EP1R toxicity. Consistent with
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Recent results from our group found
2020-10-27
Recent results from our group found that SPMs, not only play a part in terminating inflammation, but also have a physiological role in conjunctival goblet glucagon receptor antagonist to maintain ocular surface health in the absence of disease. Amongst the SPMs that are effective in the conjunctiva
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carboxypeptidase a In essential hypertensive patients it is
2020-10-27
In essential hypertensive patients, it is known that the CB is enlarged (Habeck, 1986). In addition to morphological changes in the CB, hyperventilation was reported in essential hypertensive patients at resting conditions (Trzebski et al., 1982). Furthermore, CB is innervated by postganglionic symp
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DNA damage represents a persistent threat to genomic stabili
2020-10-27
DNA damage represents a persistent threat to genomic stability. A critical link exists between DNA mutation, chromosomal rearrangement and cancer development. In myeloid malignancies, various chromosomal translocations and/or mutations increased cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), followed by DS
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br Acknowledgement br Introduction Human dihydroorotate dehy
2020-10-27
Acknowledgement Introduction Human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (hDHODH), a flavin-dependent mitochondrial enzyme involved in de novo pd98059 biosynthesis, is a validated therapeutic target for the treatment of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and cancer [1], [2], [3]. Lefluno
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To compare glucose metabolism via oxidative phosphorylation
2020-10-27
To compare glucose metabolism via oxidative phosphorylation to that via glycolysis, a bioenergetics plot was constructed (Fig. 3A). In most cells, a decrease in one bioenergetics pathway is compensated by an increase in the other. However, following NAT1 deletion, there was a decrease in both oxidat
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bms-536924 br The DDR kinase domain The DDR intracellular ki
2020-10-27
The DDR1 kinase domain The DDR1 intracellular kinase domain shares the typical structure of other kinase domains (Fig. 1). However, how DDR1 kinase is activated upon collagen binding is poorly understood. It is thought that the process is fundamentally different from the accepted paradigm of liga
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Aprotinin Here we examine the associations between serum pro
2020-10-27
Here, we examine the associations between serum pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines and cognitive functioning in early-stage bipolar I disorder (BDI) patients. As per previous studies, ‘early-stage’ was defined as being within three years of the first manic episode (Kauer-Sant\'Anna et al., 2009). W
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The observed increase in Bdnf mRNA occurred h after
2020-10-26
The observed increase in Bdnf1 mRNA occurred 1 h after treatment indicates participation of BDNF in early plasticity and subsequently mnemonic processes. Most of the evidence regarding the importance of BDNF for memory formation derived from electrophysiological studies that utilized the molecular c
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Previously we have shown that complexes
2020-10-26
Previously, we have shown that complexes of protein PKs with inhibitors that comprised sulfur or selenium atoms in aromatic structures were phosphorescent at room temperature, while the long-lifetime signal emitted by the free inhibitor was negligible.34, 35, 36 This phenomenon was caused by stabili
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Where does this transfer process occur The maternal
2020-10-26
Where does this transfer process occur? The maternal side of the placenta is textured and spongy looking. The surface has 20–30 distinctive compartments named cotyledons, inside of which are the chorionic villi that form the principal functional structural unit of the placenta. These villi are compl
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br Materials and methods br Results br
2020-10-26
Materials and methods Results Discussion The effect of progestogen treatment showed some tendencies affecting the body length and weight, however these data were not verifiable statistically. This observation could be explained with the relatively short exposure period and/or the relatively
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br The modulation of ER from SERMs to TSECs Continued
2020-10-26
The modulation of ERα: from SERMs to TSECs Continued efforts to provide women with efficacious menopausal therapies have generated interest in the development of selective Radotinib receptor modulators (SERMs). Similar to estrogens, SERMs have been shown to bind to ERs with high affinity, despit